Hands-Only CPR Explained

Hands-only CPR is a method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) that involves chest compressions without the inclusion of rescue breaths (mouth-to-mouth ventilation). It is a simplified form of CPR that can be performed by bystanders who witness an adult or teenager suddenly collapse in an “out-of-hospital” setting.

When should you perform Hands-Only CPR?

  1. Witnessed Collapse: Hands-only CPR is most effective when performed immediately after a person has collapsed from sudden cardiac arrest. The quicker you start, the higher the chance of survival.
  2. Unresponsiveness: Before initiating CPR, always check the person for responsiveness. Shake them gently and shout, “Are you okay?” If they do not respond, it’s time to begin hands-only CPR.
  3. No Breathing or Gasping: After ensuring the person is unresponsive, quickly check to see if they are breathing. If they are not breathing or are only gasping, start chest compressions.
  4. Until Help Arrives: Continue performing hands-only CPR until trained help arrives or an automated external defibrillator (AED) is ready for use.

It’s crucial to note a few things:

  • Dial 911 first: Always call 911 or your local emergency number immediately if you find someone collapsed and unresponsive. If there’s someone else nearby, have them call while you start CPR.
  • Children and Infants: Hands-only CPR is primarily recommended for teens and adults. Infants and younger children, or victims of drowning, choking, or trauma, often benefit more from traditional CPR, which includes both compressions and rescue breaths.
  • Training: While hands-only CPR can be performed based on instructions and public information campaigns, it’s still beneficial to take a formal CPR course to get hands-on practice and learn about the latest techniques.

Steps for Hands-Only CPR

  1. Check Responsiveness and Call for Help: Begin by shaking the person gently and shouting, “Are you okay?”. If there’s no response, call 911 immediately or ask someone else to do so. Remember that every second counts.
  2. Position the Person: Lay the individual flat on their back on a firm surface, like the ground. Ensure there’s nothing hindering their posture.
  3. Place Your Hands Correctly: For the primary step for hands-only CPR, place the heel of one hand on the center of the person’s chest, right between the nipples. Put the other hand on top of the first, interlocking the fingers.
  4. Perform Chest Compressions: Using your upper body weight (not just your arms), push straight down at least 2 inches deep into the chest at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute. To keep the rhythm, think of the song “Stayin’ Alive” by the Bee Gees, and match your compressions to its tempo.
  5. Continue Until Help Arrives: Do not stop giving chest compressions until emergency medical personnel take over, the person starts to move or breathe, or you’re too exhausted to continue.

5 Commonly Asked Questions about Hands-Only CPR

  1. Is hands-only CPR better than traditional CPR? Hands-only CPR is recommended for untrained bystanders or those who aren’t confident in their rescue breaths skills. Both methods can save lives, but uninterrupted chest compressions are crucial in keeping the blood flowing.
  2. Can I hurt the person while doing hands-only CPR? While there’s a possibility of breaking ribs or causing other injuries, remember that hands-only CPR can save a life. A temporary injury is preferable to the alternative.
  3. Is hands-only CPR recommended for all age groups? It’s primarily recommended for teens and adults. Infants and children, or victims of drowning, choking, or trauma might benefit more from traditional CPR with breaths.
  4. Do I need formal training to perform hands-only CPR? While you can perform it based on what you’ve read, it’s always better to take a short training session to understand the technique better.
  5. How often should I refresh my CPR knowledge? Every two years is the general recommendation. Techniques and recommendations can change over time.

Conclusion

Understanding the crucial step for hands-only CPR can be the difference between life and death. By taking the initiative to learn and spread knowledge about this straightforward but invaluable skill, you’re equipping yourself and others to act confidently during emergencies.

While we hope you never find yourself in a situation where CPR is needed, it’s always better to be prepared. Remember, in moments of crisis, your actions can give someone a second chance at life.

Always prioritize getting formal training if possible, but in the absence of that, knowing the step for hands-only CPR can be lifesaving.